Are We Living through a Creativity Crisis?

Emily Pogue
August 14, 2024 | 5 min read

“All the great stories have already been told” is a sentiment many authors have had at 11 p.m. (often over a glass of wine) after nixing yet another draft.

It can feel impossible to produce an original take in the age of the Internet, social media, and AI. And there may be some truth behind the sentiment.

Researchers have confirmed that we’re approaching unknown territory: a creativity crisis.

The Warning Signs

Creativity can show up in many different forms, so it can be difficult to measure a person’s “creative competency.” However, one widely accepted way to gauge a person’s creativity is through the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking.

Given to tens of thousands of students since its development in the 1960s, the tests have been able to predict creative success three times more accurately than IQ tests.

So what can we learn from nearly 60 years’ worth of data? Well, according to a study completed by William & Mary University, we’re not moving in the right direction. In 1990, there was a marked decrease in test scores, with sixth grade seeming to be the average age of the decrease.

Why this sudden drop in creativity? The timeline suggests that there may be another factor at play.

The Loss of Boredom

If you compare a child’s summer today versus thirty years ago, they may appear to exist on different planets. In the past, summer vacations were filled with creating cardboard homes for dolls, climbing trees in the backyard, and … well, being bored.

That’s right. Back in the day, you were (almost) excited to go back to school because there was nothing fun left for you to do at home.

Compare that to today’s children, who are inundated with pre-packaged entertainment — whether that be a high-tech toy, Dad’s iPad, or watching that Bluey episode for the eighth time.

Adults don’t get a pass from this constant need to be stimulated, either. If we happen to have a free moment (which in itself is rare for many), those minutes are filled with scrolling social media or watching that Friends episode for the eighth time.

Gone are the days of twiddling our thumbs — those digits are far too occupied on our phone’s keyboard nowadays.

This overstimulation and near extinction of boredom has more consequences than we may realize. Our brain never gets a chance to take a break.

Within this context, it’s no wonder that our creativity isn’t as strong as it used to be. To begin to shift back toward an inventive mindset, then, it can be helpful to allocate time to let your mind wander. Take a page from Albert Einstein’s book — he’d spend hours simply floating on his sailboat, allowing his mind to drift and marinate ideas.

While not all of us have sailboats at the ready, these “bored” periods can be quite simple. You can take a long walk with no headphones, letting your thoughts flow freely. Or you can spend an extra few minutes in the shower.

(Read more about the loss of boredom in modern humans in our interview with author and researcher Celeste Headlee.)

After these restful experiences, your mind will likely be ready for some stimulation — which is where our next recommendation to build your creativity muscle comes into play.

Creativity Is “Just Connecting Things”

One of the most creative minds in recent history was Steve Jobs. He took innovation to the disruption level, forever changing how people looked at computers, music, and cellular devices.

In a 1996 interview with Wired, Jobs touched on what creative thinking meant to him:

“Creativity is just connecting things. When you ask creative people how they did something, they feel a little guilty because they didn't really do it, they just saw something. It seemed obvious to them after a while.”

This is an important aspect of creativity to acknowledge. There isn’t a button to turn it on and off at the drop of a hat. It happens naturally, often without really trying.

But there are active choices we can make to help that natural process happen more fluidly and frequently.

Seeking Out New Experiences

UX Designer Kelly Smith takes Jobs’ “connecting” idea a step further by having us imagine that our minds have a wall full of a thousand dots, each representing a piece of knowledge we’ve learned. Each connection between dots represents a creative thought.

After a while, we’ll have created as many unique combinations as possible. But, if we add even one more dot — one new nugget of information or experience — we’ve just unlocked dozens of previously unavailable patterns.

And here lies the second way to boost our creative juices: introducing ourselves to new experiences and different perspectives.

As Jobs says, the most successful creative people “were able to connect experiences they've had and synthesize new things … A lot of people in our [tech] industry haven't had very diverse experiences. So they don't have enough dots to connect, and they end up with very linear solutions without a broad perspective on the problem.”

It’s no secret that some of the most successful creative people are incredibly well-rounded in their interests and hobbies. Academy Award-winning actress Susan Sarandon loves ping pong so much that she co-founded a thriving business of ping pong bars. Then there’s Mark Zuckerberg, co-founder of Facebook and apparent skillful mixed martial arts (MMA) fighter.

Even some of the products we use every day were invented from people who enjoyed a wide variety of experiences. For example, George de Mestral was a Swiss engineer who enjoyed hiking in the Alps. After a hike, he was curious how the burrs stuck to his dog’s fur. Looking at the plant’s hooks under a microscope inspired him to replicate the process: in the form of VELCRO.

If we want to improve our creativity, then, we can actively work to add new dots to our mind’s wall. Think of any hobbies you’ve been thinking of trying out, but haven’t. Could you schedule a time to give it a shot?

Even if you don’t pursue it forever, you’re creating new possibilities for combinations between your knowledge points. You’re setting your mind up for creative success.

Finding Inspiration in All Parts of Life

Creating fresh mental dots isn’t reserved for only hobbies and free time. Aspiring writers can rest easy knowing that the jobs that pay the bills can also benefit their creative process. This was the case for the legendary Stephen King, whose first book Carrie was inspired after cleaning the girl’s locker room during his stint as a school janitor.

John Grisham also pulled on his experience as a lawyer when he shifted careers to write crime thrillers full-time (and we’ve all seen how well that worked out for him).

(Read writer Michael Archambault's method of taking your brain on "dates" to improve your writing.)

Trying new hobbies, drawing from past job experiences, and carving out time to be bored are all effective ways to start growing your creative potential.

After all, if Einstein could find the time to do nothing, we surely can too.

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Right now, the choice for a writer to use artificial intelligence (AI) or not has been largely a personal one. Some view it as a killer of creativity, while others see it as an endless well of inspiration.

But what if, in the future, your choice had larger implications on the state of literature as a whole?

This is the question that’s being raised from a new study by the University of Exeter Business School: If you could use AI to improve your own writing, at the expense of the overall literary experience, would you?

Let’s explore some context before you answer.

The Set Up

The 2024 study recruited 293 writers to write an eight-sentence “micro” story. The participants were split into three groups:

  • Writing by human brainpower only
  • The opportunity to get one AI-generated idea to inspire their writing
  • The opportunity to get up to five AI-generated ideas to inspire their writing

Then, 600 evaluators judged how creative these short stories were. The results confirmed a widely accepted idea but also offered a few surprising findings.

Prompts from AI Can Jumpstart the Creative Process

Right off the bat, the reviewers rated the AI-guided stories as being more original, better written, and more enjoyable to read. (Interesting to note that they did not find them funnier than the fully human-inspired stories.)

This actually isn’t that surprising. Most writers know the “blank page dread” at the beginning of a project. Even as I write this, I can’t help but wonder, “If I had been tasked with writing an eight-sentence story, what the heck would I have written about?”

Many writers share this sense of needing to pick the “right” story to tell. And that uniquely human concept of perfectionism can end up actually inhibiting our creative process.

A prompt, then, can help us quickly clear this mental hurdle. To test this, I’ll give you one, courtesy of ChatGPT: “Write a story about a teenager who discovers a mysterious journal that reveals hidden secrets about their town, leading them on an unexpected adventure to uncover the truth.”

Can you feel your creative juices flowing already?

Since its release, AI has been celebrated for its ability to assist in idea generation; and this study confirms how effective using artificial intelligence in this way can be for writers — some, it seems, more than others.

AI-Generated Ideas Helped Less Creative Writers More

It doesn’t feel great to judge a writer’s creative prowess, but for this study, researchers needed to do just that. Prior to writing their short stories, the writers took a test to measure their creativity.

Researchers found that those considered less creative did substantially better when given AI-generated ideas — to the point where getting the full five ideas from AI “effectively equalizes the creativity scores across less and more creative writers.”

This isn’t the case just for writing. Another study by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship WZ also found that AI tools most benefit employees with weaker skills.

So is AI leveling the playing field between okay and great writers? It seems it may be. But before we lament, there’s one more finding that proves using AI isn’t all perks.

AI-Aided Stories Were More Similar — And Needed to Be Credited

The researchers took a step back to look at all the AI-supported stories collectively. And what did they find?

The AI-assisted stories were more similar as a whole, compared to the fully human-written stories.

Additionally, when reviewers were told that a story was enhanced by an AI idea, they “imposed an ownership penalty of at least 25%,” even indicating that “the content creators, on which the models were based, should be compensated.”

This leads us to that all-important question about AI-assisted work: who owns the content?

According to Originality.AI, an AI and plagiarism detector, “When there’s a combination of AI and human-generated elements, the human elements may receive copyright protection if they meet the requirements.”

So right now, if a writer uses AI to generate ideas — but writes the content themselves — they retain rights to the work.

However, Originality.AI even admits that “the legal system is having a hard time keeping up” with the rapid adoption of artificial intelligence. Time will only tell what AI regulations will look like in a few years.

What Does an AI-Assisted Literary Future Look Like?

The researchers from the University of Exeter Business School study raise an interesting point about what the future landscape for writers may look like. If droves of authors begin using AI to come up with ideas, we may end up with a lot of well-written yet dime-a-dozen stories.

So will human beings choose the easier, but less diverse, path? Or will we stick to fighting through writer’s block armed with nothing but our own brain?

Or, a third option: can we somehow learn to harness AI to supercharge our writing process without sacrificing the wholly unique creativity that infuses human creation?

That’s one question that even ChatGPT can’t answer.

Editor's Note: Artificial intelligence may have already transformed writing, but that doesn't mean you shouldn't be in control of your own words. Read Astrohaus Founder Adam Leeb's statement on AI and privacy.

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